See ям on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "trk"
},
"expansion": "Turkic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "zh",
"3": "站"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 站 (zhàn)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "mn",
"3": "зам"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian зам (zam)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ям"
},
"expansion": "Russian ям (jam)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "jaam"
},
"expansion": "Estonian jaam",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Turkic, ultimately from Chinese 站 (zhàn) or Mongolian зам (zam). Cognate to Russian ям (jam), which see. Compare also semantically unrelated Estonian jaam.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "я́ма",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мы",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́маў",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ямскі́",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "be-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ям",
"roman": "jam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мы",
"roman": "jámy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́ма",
"roman": "jáma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́маў",
"roman": "jámaw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́му",
"roman": "jámu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мам",
"roman": "jámam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ям",
"roman": "jam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мы",
"roman": "jámy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мам",
"roman": "jámam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мамі",
"roman": "jámami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́ме",
"roman": "jámje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мах",
"roman": "jámax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"count-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мы",
"roman": "jámy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"count-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jam",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ям<>",
"adj": "ямскі́"
},
"expansion": "ям • (jam) m inan (genitive я́ма, nominative plural я́мы, genitive plural я́маў, relational adjective ямскі́)",
"name": "be-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ям<>"
},
"name": "be-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Belarusian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Belarusian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mail staging post"
],
"id": "en-ям-be-noun-7eA-uGE1",
"links": [
[
"mail",
"mail"
],
[
"staging",
"staging"
],
[
"post",
"post"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) mail staging post"
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "jámščyk",
"word": "я́мшчык"
},
{
"roman": "jamščykóvy",
"word": "ямшчыко́вы"
},
{
"roman": "jamščýcki",
"word": "ямшчы́цкі"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[jam]"
}
],
"word": "ям"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"4": "<"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "cu",
"3": "ꙗсти",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic ꙗсти (jasti)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "cu",
"3": "ꙗсти"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Church Slavonic ꙗсти (jasti)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*ěsti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ěsti",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Church Slavonic ꙗсти (jasti), from Proto-Slavic *ěsti.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ям first-singular present indicative or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective irregular transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́щ",
"roman": "jadjášt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ял",
"roman": "jal",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́л",
"roman": "jadjál",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "я́ден",
"roman": "jáden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́йки",
"roman": "jadéjki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́щият",
"roman": "jadjáštijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"present",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "я́лият",
"roman": "jálijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "я́деният",
"roman": "jádenijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́йки",
"roman": "jadéjki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́щия",
"roman": "jadjáštija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "я́лия",
"roman": "jálija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "я́дения",
"roman": "jádenija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́йки",
"roman": "jadéjki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́ща",
"roman": "jadjášta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "я́ла",
"roman": "jála",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́ла",
"roman": "jadjála",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "я́дена",
"roman": "jádena",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́йки",
"roman": "jadéjki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́щата",
"roman": "jadjáštata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "я́лата",
"roman": "jálata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "я́дената",
"roman": "jádenata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́йки",
"roman": "jadéjki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́що",
"roman": "jadjášto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "я́ло",
"roman": "jálo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́ло",
"roman": "jadjálo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "я́дено",
"roman": "jádeno",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "я́дене",
"roman": "jádene",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́йки",
"roman": "jadéjki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́щото",
"roman": "jadjáštoto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "я́лото",
"roman": "jáloto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "я́деното",
"roman": "jádenoto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "я́денето",
"roman": "jádeneto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́йки",
"roman": "jadéjki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́щи",
"roman": "jadjášti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "я́ли",
"roman": "jáli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́ли",
"roman": "jadéli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́дени",
"roman": "jádeni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́дения",
"roman": "jádenija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́денета",
"roman": "jádeneta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́йки",
"roman": "jadéjki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́щите",
"roman": "jadjáštite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"participle",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "я́лите",
"roman": "jálite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́дените",
"roman": "jádenite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́денията",
"roman": "jádenijata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́денетата",
"roman": "jádenetata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́йки",
"roman": "jadéjki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective irregular transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ям",
"roman": "jam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́ш",
"roman": "jadéš",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́",
"roman": "jadé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́м",
"roman": "jadém",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́те",
"roman": "jadéte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "яда́т",
"roman": "jadát",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́х",
"roman": "jadjáh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́ше",
"roman": "jadéše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́ше",
"roman": "jadéše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́хме",
"roman": "jadjáhme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́хте",
"roman": "jadjáhte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́ха",
"roman": "jadjáha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "я́дох",
"roman": "jádoh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́де",
"roman": "jáde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́де",
"roman": "jáde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "я́дохме",
"roman": "jádohme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́дохте",
"roman": "jádohte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "я́доха",
"roman": "jádoha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "none",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dubitative",
"past",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "яж",
"roman": "jaž",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́жте",
"roman": "jážte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ям",
"2": "impf"
},
"expansion": "ям • (jam) first-singular present indicative, impf",
"name": "bg-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ям<irreg.impf.tr>"
},
"name": "bg-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 16 17 7 20 15",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "bg",
"name": "Eating",
"orig": "bg:Eating",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
17,
22
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
24
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
32,
35
]
],
"english": "Sanke, serve the food so we can eat.",
"roman": "Sánke, slágaj da jadém.",
"text": "Са́нке, сла́гай да яде́м.",
"translation": "Sanke, serve the food so we can eat.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
12,
18
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
17
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
13,
19
]
],
"english": "Once she was eating a slice of bread spread with honey and butter.",
"roman": "Vednǎ́ž tja jadéše namázana filíja s med i máslo.",
"text": "Веднъ́ж тя яде́ше нама́зана фили́я с мед и ма́сло.",
"translation": "Once she was eating a slice of bread spread with honey and butter.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to eat, to consume"
],
"id": "en-ям-bg-verb-SyGD8zoG",
"links": [
[
"eat",
"eat"
],
[
"consume",
"consume"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to eat, to consume"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "консуми́рам"
},
{
"word": "хра́ня се"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 16 17 7 20 15",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "bg",
"name": "Eating",
"orig": "bg:Eating",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
16,
21
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
18,
23
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
22,
28
]
],
"english": "For a week we've been eating only boiled corn.",
"roman": "Ot edná sédmica jadém sámo varéna carévica.",
"text": "От една́ се́дмица яде́м са́мо варе́на царе́вица.",
"translation": "For a week we've been eating only boiled corn.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to eat, to feed oneself (to maintain life)"
],
"id": "en-ям-bg-verb-pwqf7pgS",
"links": [
[
"eat",
"eat"
],
[
"feed",
"feed"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to eat, to feed oneself (to maintain life)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 9 10 12 18 21 16 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 16 17 7 20 15",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "bg",
"name": "Eating",
"orig": "bg:Eating",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
32,
37
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
37,
42
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
28,
31
]
],
"english": "Are there really people who eat frogs?",
"roman": "Amá naístina li íma hóra, koíto jadát žábi?",
"text": "Ама́ наи́стина ли и́ма хо́ра, кои́то яда́т жа́би?",
"translation": "Are there really people who eat frogs?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to eat (to like or be able to eat a specific food)"
],
"id": "en-ям-bg-verb-AWrYMa~r",
"links": [
[
"eat",
"eat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to eat (to like or be able to eat a specific food)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 9 10 12 18 21 16 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
26,
30
],
[
57,
61
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
31
],
[
59,
63
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
43,
51
],
[
73,
81
]
],
"english": "Me, leave money! So that my son-in-law can squander it, eh, so Peter can squander it.",
"roman": "Da ostávja parí! Če da gi jadé mójat zet, a, Pétǎr da gi jadé.",
"text": "Да оста́вя пари́! Че да ги яде́ мо́ят зет, а, Пе́тър да ги яде́.",
"translation": "Me, leave money! So that my son-in-law can squander it, eh, so Peter can squander it.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to spend, to squander (money, property, etc., usually belonging to someone else)"
],
"id": "en-ям-bg-verb-dANiuj43",
"links": [
[
"spend",
"spend"
],
[
"squander",
"squander"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative, colloquial) to spend, to squander (money, property, etc., usually belonging to someone else)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "изразхо́двам"
},
{
"word": "ха́рча"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 9 10 12 18 21 16 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 16 17 7 20 15",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "bg",
"name": "Eating",
"orig": "bg:Eating",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
26,
30
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
29,
33
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
14,
22
]
],
"english": "Rust does not eat away pure gold.",
"roman": "Čístoto zláto rǎždá go ne jadé.",
"text": "Чи́стото зла́то ръжда́ го не яде́.",
"translation": "Rust does not eat away pure gold.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to eat away, to corrode, to destroy"
],
"id": "en-ям-bg-verb-6pRmmyRr",
"links": [
[
"eat away",
"eat away"
],
[
"corrode",
"corrode"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative, transitive) to eat away, to corrode, to destroy"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "разруша́вам"
},
{
"word": "разя́ждам"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 10 12 14 20 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 10 12 18 21 16 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 8 9 10 15 34 14 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 16 17 7 20 15",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "bg",
"name": "Eating",
"orig": "bg:Eating",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
17,
23
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
25
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
20,
32
]
],
"english": "A cruel thought was eating us up, that Bulgaria had forgotten us.",
"roman": "Žestóka mísǎl ni jadéše, če Bǎlgárija ni e zabrávila.",
"text": "Жесто́ка ми́съл ни яде́ше, че Бълга́рия ни е забра́вила.",
"translation": "A cruel thought was eating us up, that Bulgaria had forgotten us.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
37,
43
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
40,
46
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
51,
64
]
],
"english": "Something was happening to this man, something was eating him up and drying him out from the inside.",
"roman": "Stávaše néšto s tózi čovék, néšto go jadéše i go sušéše otvǎ́tre.",
"text": "Ста́ваше не́що с то́зи чове́к, не́що го яде́ше и го суше́ше отвъ́тре.",
"translation": "Something was happening to this man, something was eating him up and drying him out from the inside.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
9,
13
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
14
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
7,
15
]
],
"english": "What's worrying you?",
"roman": "Kakvó te jadé?",
"text": "Какво́ те яде́?",
"translation": "What's worrying you?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to cause someone to worry, to eat, to pester, to badger, to nag"
],
"id": "en-ям-bg-verb-Ct4S0lKy",
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"worry",
"worry"
],
[
"eat",
"eat"
],
[
"pester",
"pester"
],
[
"badger",
"badger"
],
[
"nag",
"nag"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to cause someone to worry, to eat, to pester, to badger, to nag"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "измъ́чвам"
},
{
"word": "стра́дам"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ja̟m]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-am"
}
],
"word": "ям"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "urj-mdv-pro",
"3": "*jam"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mordvinic *jam",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*jamɜ",
"4": "",
"5": "mash, soup (made of fish flour, blood, meat)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *jamɜ (“mash, soup (made of fish flour, blood, meat)”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Mordvinic *jam, possibly inherited from Proto-Uralic *jamɜ (“mash, soup (made of fish flour, blood, meat)”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "small",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ям",
"roman": "jam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ямт",
"roman": "jamt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ямонь",
"roman": "jamoń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ямнэнь",
"roman": "jamnëń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ямдо",
"roman": "jamdo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ямсо",
"roman": "jamso",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ямсто",
"roman": "jamsto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ямс",
"roman": "jams",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ямга",
"roman": "jamga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prolative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prolative"
]
},
{
"form": "ямкс",
"roman": "jamks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ямшка",
"roman": "jamška",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ямтомо",
"roman": "jamtomo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "nouns"
},
"expansion": "ям • (jam)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Erzya",
"lang_code": "myv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Erzya entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:myv-noun-2",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"soup"
],
"id": "en-ям-myv-noun-kBT6yBhN",
"links": [
[
"soup",
"soup"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ям"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "jaam"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "trk"
},
"expansion": "Turkic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "zh",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "mn",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "站"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 站 (zhàn)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "зам"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian зам (zam)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Turkic, ultimately from Chinese or Mongolian. There is no scholarly consensus regarding the direction of borrowing. Generally, it is believed that Turkic yam and Chinese 站 (zhàn) are loanwords from Mongolian ǰam, however, some (e.g. Tuymebayev in Казахско-монгольские лексические параллели (Kazaxsko-mongolʹskije leksičeskije paralleli)) believe the directionality is reversed (i.e. Chinese \"to stand > stand > station\" → Middle Mongol → Turkic → Russian). Whatever the etymology, what is apparent is that the word jam has been around for a long time and was used by Central Asians to designate a key postal relay station or official. Compare Mongolian зам (zam).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "я́ма",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мы",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мов",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ямско́й",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "я́м",
"roman": "jám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мы",
"roman": "jámy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́ма",
"roman": "jáma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мов",
"roman": "jámov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́му",
"roman": "jámu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мам",
"roman": "jámam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́м",
"roman": "jám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мы",
"roman": "jámy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мом",
"roman": "jámom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мами",
"roman": "jámami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́ме",
"roman": "jáme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мах",
"roman": "jámax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
},
{
"form": "ямъ",
"roman": "jam",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adj": "ямско́й"
},
"expansion": "ям • (jam) m inan (genitive я́ма, nominative plural я́мы, genitive plural я́мов, relational adjective ямско́й)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 9 10 12 18 21 16 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mail staging post"
],
"id": "en-ям-ru-noun-7eA-uGE1",
"links": [
[
"mail",
"mail"
],
[
"staging",
"staging"
],
[
"post",
"post"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) mail staging post"
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "jamščík",
"word": "ямщи́к"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "RU-ям (adult male).wav",
"audio-ipa": "[jam]",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/RU-%D1%8F%D0%BC_%28adult_male%29.wav/RU-%D1%8F%D0%BC_%28adult_male%29.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/RU-%D1%8F%D0%BC_%28adult_male%29.wav/RU-%D1%8F%D0%BC_%28adult_male%29.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "ям"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "jam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ямъ",
"roman": "jam",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f-in-p"
},
"expansion": "ям • (jam) f inan pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "jáma",
"word": "я́ма"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of я́ма (jáma)"
],
"id": "en-ям-ru-noun-dZbH4ERJ",
"links": [
[
"я́ма",
"яма#Russian"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"inanimate",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "RU-ям (adult male).wav",
"audio-ipa": "[jam]",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/RU-%D1%8F%D0%BC_%28adult_male%29.wav/RU-%D1%8F%D0%BC_%28adult_male%29.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/RU-%D1%8F%D0%BC_%28adult_male%29.wav/RU-%D1%8F%D0%BC_%28adult_male%29.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "ям"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tg",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "یَم"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian یَم (yam)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tg",
"2": "ar",
"3": "يَمّ"
},
"expansion": "Arabic يَمّ (yamm)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian یَم (yam), from Arabic يَمّ (yamm).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "yam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "spelling یم",
"tags": [
"Persian"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tg-pred-c",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ямам",
"roman": "yamam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ямем",
"roman": "yamem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "ямӣ",
"roman": "yami",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"predicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ямед",
"roman": "yamed",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"predicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ям аст",
"roman": "yam ast",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"predicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "яманд",
"roman": "yamand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"predicative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ямм",
"roman": "yamm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tg",
"2": "noun",
"3": "Persian spelling",
"4": "یم",
"5": "",
"6": "<small>[Term?]</small>",
"f1nolink": "1",
"f2nolink": "1\n-->",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ям • (yam) (Persian spelling یم)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"fa": "یم"
},
"expansion": "ям • (yam) (Persian spelling یم)",
"name": "tg-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Tajik",
"lang_code": "tg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:tg-pred-c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tajik entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "tg",
"name": "Poetry",
"orig": "tg:Poetry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sea"
],
"id": "en-ям-tg-noun-SmnxnIwm",
"links": [
[
"poetry",
"poetry"
],
[
"sea",
"sea"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary or poetry) sea"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "баҳр"
}
],
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"poetry",
"publishing",
"writing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jam/"
},
{
"ipa": "[jäm]"
}
],
"word": "ям"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "trk"
},
"expansion": "Turkic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "zh",
"3": "站"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 站 (zhàn)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "mn",
"3": "зам"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian зам (zam)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ям"
},
"expansion": "Russian ям (jam)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "jaam"
},
"expansion": "Estonian jaam",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Turkic, ultimately from Chinese 站 (zhàn) or Mongolian зам (zam). Cognate to Russian ям (jam), which see. Compare also semantically unrelated Estonian jaam.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "я́ма",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мы",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́маў",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ямскі́",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "be-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ям",
"roman": "jam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мы",
"roman": "jámy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́ма",
"roman": "jáma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́маў",
"roman": "jámaw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́му",
"roman": "jámu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мам",
"roman": "jámam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ям",
"roman": "jam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мы",
"roman": "jámy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мам",
"roman": "jámam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мамі",
"roman": "jámami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́ме",
"roman": "jámje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мах",
"roman": "jámax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"count-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мы",
"roman": "jámy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"count-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jam",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ям<>",
"adj": "ямскі́"
},
"expansion": "ям • (jam) m inan (genitive я́ма, nominative plural я́мы, genitive plural я́маў, relational adjective ямскі́)",
"name": "be-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ям<>"
},
"name": "be-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "jámščyk",
"word": "я́мшчык"
},
{
"roman": "jamščykóvy",
"word": "ямшчыко́вы"
},
{
"roman": "jamščýcki",
"word": "ямшчы́цкі"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Belarusian entries with incorrect language header",
"Belarusian hard masculine-form accent-a nouns",
"Belarusian hard masculine-form nouns",
"Belarusian inanimate nouns",
"Belarusian lemmas",
"Belarusian masculine nouns",
"Belarusian nouns",
"Belarusian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Belarusian terms derived from Chinese",
"Belarusian terms derived from Mongolian",
"Belarusian terms derived from Turkic languages",
"Belarusian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Belarusian terms with historical senses",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"mail staging post"
],
"links": [
[
"mail",
"mail"
],
[
"staging",
"staging"
],
[
"post",
"post"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) mail staging post"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[jam]"
}
],
"word": "ям"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian 1-syllable words",
"Bulgarian conjugation 1.1 verbs",
"Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bulgarian imperfective verbs",
"Bulgarian irregular verbs",
"Bulgarian lemmas",
"Bulgarian terms derived from Old Church Slavonic",
"Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms inherited from Old Church Slavonic",
"Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Bulgarian transitive verbs",
"Bulgarian verbs",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for audio pronunciation in Bulgarian entries",
"Rhymes:Bulgarian/am",
"Rhymes:Bulgarian/am/1 syllable",
"bg:Eating"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"4": "<"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "cu",
"3": "ꙗсти",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic ꙗсти (jasti)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "cu",
"3": "ꙗсти"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Church Slavonic ꙗсти (jasti)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*ěsti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ěsti",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Church Slavonic ꙗсти (jasti), from Proto-Slavic *ěsti.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ям first-singular present indicative or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "jam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective irregular transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́щ",
"roman": "jadjášt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ял",
"roman": "jal",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́л",
"roman": "jadjál",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "я́ден",
"roman": "jáden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́йки",
"roman": "jadéjki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́щият",
"roman": "jadjáštijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"present",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "я́лият",
"roman": "jálijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "я́деният",
"roman": "jádenijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́йки",
"roman": "jadéjki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́щия",
"roman": "jadjáštija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "я́лия",
"roman": "jálija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "я́дения",
"roman": "jádenija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́йки",
"roman": "jadéjki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́ща",
"roman": "jadjášta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "я́ла",
"roman": "jála",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́ла",
"roman": "jadjála",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "я́дена",
"roman": "jádena",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́йки",
"roman": "jadéjki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́щата",
"roman": "jadjáštata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "я́лата",
"roman": "jálata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "я́дената",
"roman": "jádenata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́йки",
"roman": "jadéjki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́що",
"roman": "jadjášto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "я́ло",
"roman": "jálo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́ло",
"roman": "jadjálo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "я́дено",
"roman": "jádeno",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "я́дене",
"roman": "jádene",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́йки",
"roman": "jadéjki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́щото",
"roman": "jadjáštoto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "я́лото",
"roman": "jáloto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "я́деното",
"roman": "jádenoto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "я́денето",
"roman": "jádeneto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́йки",
"roman": "jadéjki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́щи",
"roman": "jadjášti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "я́ли",
"roman": "jáli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́ли",
"roman": "jadéli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́дени",
"roman": "jádeni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́дения",
"roman": "jádenija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́денета",
"roman": "jádeneta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́йки",
"roman": "jadéjki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́щите",
"roman": "jadjáštite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"participle",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "я́лите",
"roman": "jálite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́дените",
"roman": "jádenite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́денията",
"roman": "jádenijata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́денетата",
"roman": "jádenetata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́йки",
"roman": "jadéjki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective irregular transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ям",
"roman": "jam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́ш",
"roman": "jadéš",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́",
"roman": "jadé",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́м",
"roman": "jadém",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́те",
"roman": "jadéte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "яда́т",
"roman": "jadát",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́х",
"roman": "jadjáh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́ше",
"roman": "jadéše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "яде́ше",
"roman": "jadéše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́хме",
"roman": "jadjáhme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́хте",
"roman": "jadjáhte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ядя́ха",
"roman": "jadjáha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "я́дох",
"roman": "jádoh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́де",
"roman": "jáde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́де",
"roman": "jáde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "я́дохме",
"roman": "jádohme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́дохте",
"roman": "jádohte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "я́доха",
"roman": "jádoha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "none",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dubitative",
"past",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "яж",
"roman": "jaž",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́жте",
"roman": "jážte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ям",
"2": "impf"
},
"expansion": "ям • (jam) first-singular present indicative, impf",
"name": "bg-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ям<irreg.impf.tr>"
},
"name": "bg-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples",
"Bulgarian transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
17,
22
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
24
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
32,
35
]
],
"english": "Sanke, serve the food so we can eat.",
"roman": "Sánke, slágaj da jadém.",
"text": "Са́нке, сла́гай да яде́м.",
"translation": "Sanke, serve the food so we can eat.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
12,
18
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
17
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
13,
19
]
],
"english": "Once she was eating a slice of bread spread with honey and butter.",
"roman": "Vednǎ́ž tja jadéše namázana filíja s med i máslo.",
"text": "Веднъ́ж тя яде́ше нама́зана фили́я с мед и ма́сло.",
"translation": "Once she was eating a slice of bread spread with honey and butter.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to eat, to consume"
],
"links": [
[
"eat",
"eat"
],
[
"consume",
"consume"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to eat, to consume"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "консуми́рам"
},
{
"word": "хра́ня се"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples",
"Bulgarian transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
16,
21
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
18,
23
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
22,
28
]
],
"english": "For a week we've been eating only boiled corn.",
"roman": "Ot edná sédmica jadém sámo varéna carévica.",
"text": "От една́ се́дмица яде́м са́мо варе́на царе́вица.",
"translation": "For a week we've been eating only boiled corn.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to eat, to feed oneself (to maintain life)"
],
"links": [
[
"eat",
"eat"
],
[
"feed",
"feed"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to eat, to feed oneself (to maintain life)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples",
"Bulgarian transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
32,
37
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
37,
42
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
28,
31
]
],
"english": "Are there really people who eat frogs?",
"roman": "Amá naístina li íma hóra, koíto jadát žábi?",
"text": "Ама́ наи́стина ли и́ма хо́ра, кои́то яда́т жа́би?",
"translation": "Are there really people who eat frogs?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to eat (to like or be able to eat a specific food)"
],
"links": [
[
"eat",
"eat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to eat (to like or be able to eat a specific food)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian colloquialisms",
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
26,
30
],
[
57,
61
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
31
],
[
59,
63
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
43,
51
],
[
73,
81
]
],
"english": "Me, leave money! So that my son-in-law can squander it, eh, so Peter can squander it.",
"roman": "Da ostávja parí! Če da gi jadé mójat zet, a, Pétǎr da gi jadé.",
"text": "Да оста́вя пари́! Че да ги яде́ мо́ят зет, а, Пе́тър да ги яде́.",
"translation": "Me, leave money! So that my son-in-law can squander it, eh, so Peter can squander it.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to spend, to squander (money, property, etc., usually belonging to someone else)"
],
"links": [
[
"spend",
"spend"
],
[
"squander",
"squander"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative, colloquial) to spend, to squander (money, property, etc., usually belonging to someone else)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "изразхо́двам"
},
{
"word": "ха́рча"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples",
"Bulgarian transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
26,
30
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
29,
33
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
14,
22
]
],
"english": "Rust does not eat away pure gold.",
"roman": "Čístoto zláto rǎždá go ne jadé.",
"text": "Чи́стото зла́то ръжда́ го не яде́.",
"translation": "Rust does not eat away pure gold.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to eat away, to corrode, to destroy"
],
"links": [
[
"eat away",
"eat away"
],
[
"corrode",
"corrode"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative, transitive) to eat away, to corrode, to destroy"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "разруша́вам"
},
{
"word": "разя́ждам"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples",
"Bulgarian transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
17,
23
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
25
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
20,
32
]
],
"english": "A cruel thought was eating us up, that Bulgaria had forgotten us.",
"roman": "Žestóka mísǎl ni jadéše, če Bǎlgárija ni e zabrávila.",
"text": "Жесто́ка ми́съл ни яде́ше, че Бълга́рия ни е забра́вила.",
"translation": "A cruel thought was eating us up, that Bulgaria had forgotten us.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
37,
43
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
40,
46
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
51,
64
]
],
"english": "Something was happening to this man, something was eating him up and drying him out from the inside.",
"roman": "Stávaše néšto s tózi čovék, néšto go jadéše i go sušéše otvǎ́tre.",
"text": "Ста́ваше не́що с то́зи чове́к, не́що го яде́ше и го суше́ше отвъ́тре.",
"translation": "Something was happening to this man, something was eating him up and drying him out from the inside.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
9,
13
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
14
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
7,
15
]
],
"english": "What's worrying you?",
"roman": "Kakvó te jadé?",
"text": "Какво́ те яде́?",
"translation": "What's worrying you?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to cause someone to worry, to eat, to pester, to badger, to nag"
],
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"worry",
"worry"
],
[
"eat",
"eat"
],
[
"pester",
"pester"
],
[
"badger",
"badger"
],
[
"nag",
"nag"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to cause someone to worry, to eat, to pester, to badger, to nag"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "измъ́чвам"
},
{
"word": "стра́дам"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ja̟m]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-am"
}
],
"word": "ям"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "urj-mdv-pro",
"3": "*jam"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mordvinic *jam",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*jamɜ",
"4": "",
"5": "mash, soup (made of fish flour, blood, meat)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *jamɜ (“mash, soup (made of fish flour, blood, meat)”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Mordvinic *jam, possibly inherited from Proto-Uralic *jamɜ (“mash, soup (made of fish flour, blood, meat)”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "small",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ям",
"roman": "jam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ямт",
"roman": "jamt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ямонь",
"roman": "jamoń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ямнэнь",
"roman": "jamnëń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ямдо",
"roman": "jamdo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ямсо",
"roman": "jamso",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ямсто",
"roman": "jamsto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ямс",
"roman": "jams",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ямга",
"roman": "jamga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prolative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prolative"
]
},
{
"form": "ямкс",
"roman": "jamks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "ямшка",
"roman": "jamška",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ямтомо",
"roman": "jamtomo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "nouns"
},
"expansion": "ям • (jam)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Erzya",
"lang_code": "myv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Erzya entries with incorrect language header",
"Erzya lemmas",
"Erzya nouns",
"Erzya terms derived from Proto-Mordvinic",
"Erzya terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Erzya terms inherited from Proto-Mordvinic",
"Erzya terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:myv-noun-2",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for pronunciation in Erzya entries"
],
"glosses": [
"soup"
],
"links": [
[
"soup",
"soup"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ям"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Russian 1-syllable words",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form accent-a nouns",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form nouns",
"Russian inanimate nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant alt parameters",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian masculine nouns",
"Russian non-lemma forms",
"Russian noun forms",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Russian terms derived from Chinese",
"Russian terms derived from Mongolian",
"Russian terms derived from Turkic languages",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "jaam"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "trk"
},
"expansion": "Turkic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "zh",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "mn",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "站"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 站 (zhàn)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "зам"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian зам (zam)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Turkic, ultimately from Chinese or Mongolian. There is no scholarly consensus regarding the direction of borrowing. Generally, it is believed that Turkic yam and Chinese 站 (zhàn) are loanwords from Mongolian ǰam, however, some (e.g. Tuymebayev in Казахско-монгольские лексические параллели (Kazaxsko-mongolʹskije leksičeskije paralleli)) believe the directionality is reversed (i.e. Chinese \"to stand > stand > station\" → Middle Mongol → Turkic → Russian). Whatever the etymology, what is apparent is that the word jam has been around for a long time and was used by Central Asians to designate a key postal relay station or official. Compare Mongolian зам (zam).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "я́ма",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мы",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мов",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ямско́й",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "я́м",
"roman": "jám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мы",
"roman": "jámy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́ма",
"roman": "jáma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мов",
"roman": "jámov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́му",
"roman": "jámu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мам",
"roman": "jámam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́м",
"roman": "jám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мы",
"roman": "jámy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мом",
"roman": "jámom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мами",
"roman": "jámami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "я́ме",
"roman": "jáme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "я́мах",
"roman": "jámax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
},
{
"form": "ямъ",
"roman": "jam",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adj": "ямско́й"
},
"expansion": "ям • (jam) m inan (genitive я́ма, nominative plural я́мы, genitive plural я́мов, relational adjective ямско́й)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "jamščík",
"word": "ямщи́к"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Russian terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"mail staging post"
],
"links": [
[
"mail",
"mail"
],
[
"staging",
"staging"
],
[
"post",
"post"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) mail staging post"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "RU-ям (adult male).wav",
"audio-ipa": "[jam]",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/RU-%D1%8F%D0%BC_%28adult_male%29.wav/RU-%D1%8F%D0%BC_%28adult_male%29.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/RU-%D1%8F%D0%BC_%28adult_male%29.wav/RU-%D1%8F%D0%BC_%28adult_male%29.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "ям"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Russian 1-syllable words",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian non-lemma forms",
"Russian noun forms",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "jam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ямъ",
"roman": "jam",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f-in-p"
},
"expansion": "ям • (jam) f inan pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "jáma",
"word": "я́ма"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of я́ма (jáma)"
],
"links": [
[
"я́ма",
"яма#Russian"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"inanimate",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "RU-ям (adult male).wav",
"audio-ipa": "[jam]",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/RU-%D1%8F%D0%BC_%28adult_male%29.wav/RU-%D1%8F%D0%BC_%28adult_male%29.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/RU-%D1%8F%D0%BC_%28adult_male%29.wav/RU-%D1%8F%D0%BC_%28adult_male%29.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "ям"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tg",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "یَم"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian یَم (yam)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tg",
"2": "ar",
"3": "يَمّ"
},
"expansion": "Arabic يَمّ (yamm)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian یَم (yam), from Arabic يَمّ (yamm).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "yam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "spelling یم",
"tags": [
"Persian"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tg-pred-c",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ямам",
"roman": "yamam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ямем",
"roman": "yamem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "ямӣ",
"roman": "yami",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"predicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ямед",
"roman": "yamed",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"predicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ям аст",
"roman": "yam ast",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"predicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "яманд",
"roman": "yamand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"predicative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ямм",
"roman": "yamm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tg",
"2": "noun",
"3": "Persian spelling",
"4": "یم",
"5": "",
"6": "<small>[Term?]</small>",
"f1nolink": "1",
"f2nolink": "1\n-->",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ям • (yam) (Persian spelling یم)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"fa": "یم"
},
"expansion": "ям • (yam) (Persian spelling یم)",
"name": "tg-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Tajik",
"lang_code": "tg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:tg-pred-c",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Tajik entries with incorrect language header",
"Tajik lemmas",
"Tajik literary terms",
"Tajik nouns",
"Tajik terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"Tajik terms derived from Arabic",
"Tajik terms derived from Classical Persian",
"Tajik terms with IPA pronunciation",
"tg:Poetry"
],
"glosses": [
"sea"
],
"links": [
[
"poetry",
"poetry"
],
[
"sea",
"sea"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary or poetry) sea"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "баҳр"
}
],
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"poetry",
"publishing",
"writing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jam/"
},
{
"ipa": "[jäm]"
}
],
"word": "ям"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ям meaning in All languages combined (33.8kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Bulgarian: 'ям first-singular present indicative or', originally 'ям first-singular present indicative or impf'",
"path": [
"ям"
],
"section": "Bulgarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ям",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Bulgarian: 'ям first-singular present indicative or', originally 'ям first-singular present indicative or impf'",
"path": [
"ям"
],
"section": "Bulgarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ям",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['imperfective', 'canonical']: 'ям first-singular present indicative or' in 'ям • (jam) first-singular present indicative, impf'",
"path": [
"ям"
],
"section": "Bulgarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ям",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"ям"
],
"section": "Erzya",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ям",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"ям"
],
"section": "Erzya",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ям",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"ям"
],
"section": "Tajik",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ям",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 5"
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"ям",
"#tag",
"#tag"
],
"section": "Erzya",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ям",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"ям",
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"#tag"
],
"section": "Erzya",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ям",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
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"path": [
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"Template:tg-pred-c",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
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"extensionTag()"
],
"section": "Tajik",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ям",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
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],
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}
{
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"path": [
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"#invoke",
"#invoke",
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"extensionTag()"
],
"section": "Tajik",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ям",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
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],
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"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"ям",
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],
"section": "Erzya",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ям",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"ям",
"#tag",
"#tag"
],
"section": "Erzya",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ям",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"ям",
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],
"section": "Tajik",
"subsection": "noun",
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"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"ям",
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"#invoke",
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"#tag",
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],
"section": "Tajik",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ям",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
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"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:checkparams:warn()",
"extensionTag()"
],
"section": "Tajik",
"subsection": "noun",
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"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"ям",
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"frame:preprocess()",
"#tag",
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],
"section": "Tajik",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ям",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
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],
"section": "Erzya",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ям",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"ям",
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"#tag"
],
"section": "Erzya",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ям",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"ям",
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],
"section": "Tajik",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ям",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
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"Lua:Module:checkparams:warn()",
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],
"section": "Tajik",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ям",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
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"#invoke",
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],
"section": "Tajik",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ям",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
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"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:checkparams:warn()",
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],
"section": "Tajik",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ям",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.